Amanzi ebesoloko engomnye wemithombo exabisekileyo ehlabathini. Njengoko imveliso yemizi-mveliso isanda kwaye ikhawuleza ukukhula kwabantu ezidolophini, ukhuseleko lwamanzi, uzinzo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle konyango kuba yingxaki ebalulekileyo kwihlabathi liphela. Kwiziko lamanzi likamasipala nakwiziko lokucoca amanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso, imithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo, ukunyuka kweendleko zokusebenza, kunye nokwanda kolwazi loluntu kuyayila indlela amanzi aphathwa ngayo, aphinde asetyenziswe, kwaye asetyenziswe kwakhona.
Ngowama-2026, ishishini lokunyanga amanzi lemizi-mveliso nelikamasipala liza kuqhubeka nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, uzinzo olukhulu, ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obukrelekrele. Kubavelisi, abasasazi, kunye nabaqhubi beeprojekthi ababandakanyeka kwiikhemikhali zokunyanga amanzi, izibulali-ntsholongwane, ii-flocculants, kunye nezisombululo zonyango ezidibeneyo, ukuqonda ezi ndlela zexesha elizayo kubalulekile ekucwangcisweni kwesicwangciso kunye nokubekwa kwindawo yokuthengisa.
Eli nqaku liza kuhlola iindlela eziphambili zokunyanga amanzi kwimizi-mveliso nakoomasipala ekufuneka zijongwe ngo-2026, ligqamisa indlela yemarike, izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, utshintsho kwimithetho, kunye nefuthe lazo kubavelisi, abasasazi, iifemu zobunjineli, kunye nabasebenzisi bokugqibela.
Abantu abangaphezu kweebhiliyoni ezi-2 kwihlabathi liphela bahlala kwiindawo ezinqongopheleyo ngamanzi, kwaye eli nani liyanda rhoqo. Imveliso yemizi-mveliso, ezolimo, kunye nokwandiswa kwezixeko zonke zifuna amanzi amaninzi acocekileyo nakhuselekileyo. Njengoko imithombo yamanzi acocekileyo isiya incipha, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi amdaka kunye nokucoca amanzi amdaka akusekho mfuneko yokuzikhethela kodwa kuyimfuneko ebalulekileyo.
Imithetho Engqongqo Yokusingqongileyo
Oorhulumente kwihlabathi liphela baqinisa imida yokukhupha ukungcola okulandelayo:
- Izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo
- Iintsimbi ezinzima
- I-phosphorus kunye ne-nitrogen
- Izinto ezingcolisayo zendalo
- Iiplastiki ezincinci
- Iintsholongwane
Oku kuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo uphuhliso lwezisombululo zonyango lweekhemikhali, iinkqubo zokucoca, kunye nobuchwepheshe bokubeka esweni.
Ukuphuculwa kweMizi-mveliso kunye neZiseko zoPhuhliso
Umzekelo, kumashishini alandelayo:
- Iikhemikhali zePetrochemicals
- Ukwemba
- Intlama kunye nephepha
- Ukulungiswa kokutya
- Amalaphu
- Ukuveliswa kwezinto ze-elektroniki
Zonke ezi mibutho ziphucula iinkqubo zazo zokubonelela ngamanzi ukuze ziphucule ukusebenza kakuhle, zinciphise iingozi, kwaye zifezekise iinjongo ze-ESG.
Okwangoku, amaziko okunyanga amanzi kamasipala aphucula iziseko zophuhliso ezindala ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka kwamanzi okusela akhuselekileyo.
Intsingiselo ephambili 1: Imfuneko Emandla Yeekhemikhali Zokujiya Nokuxovula
Ukuxinana kwamanzi kunye nokuxinana kwamanzi kuhlala kuyinto ephambili kwiinkqubo zokucacisa amanzi. Imarike ye-flocculant kunye ne-coagulant yemizi-mveliso iya kuqhubeka nokukhula ngo-2026, ngakumbi e-Asia, eLatin America, nakuMbindi Mpuma.
Iikhemikhali ezidumileyo eziqhuba olu kukhula ziquka:
- I-Polyaluminum chloride(i-PAC)
- I-Polyacrylamide(PAM)
- IiPolyamines(PA)
- I-Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) I-PolyDADMAC
- I-chloride ye-ferric
Ezi khemikhali zinceda ukususa:
- Izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo
- Iioyile
- Inkunkuma
- Iintsimbi ezinzima
- Izinto eziphilayo
Kutheni imfuno ikhula?
- Imigangatho ephezulu yokukhupha ukungcola
- Iinkqubo ezininzi zokusebenzisa amanzi amdaka
- Ukwandiswa kwemizi-mveliso
- Ukusebenza okungabizi kakhulu
- Umthamo wodaka onciphileyo xa uthelekiswa nomthamo we-alum yendabuko.
I-PAC kunye ne-PAM zikhokela imarike
I-PAC (i-polyaluminum chloride) iyaqhubeka nokuba yinxalenye ephambili kwiinkqubo zokucacisa kunye nokusasazwa kwamanzi okusela kunye nonyango lwamanzi amdaka ngenxa yezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-coagulation
- Ukuguquguquka kwe-pH ebanzi
- Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kokulungisa
- Ixabiso lokukhuphisana
I-Polyacrylamide, ingakumbi i-anionic kunye ne-cationic polyacrylamide, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekususeni amanzi kwi-sludge, ukwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo, kunye neenkqubo zokudada.
I-Trend 2 ephambili: Izisombululo ze-Oxidation kunye ne-Disinfection eziPhambili
Iintsholongwane kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo ezivelayo, ezinje ngamayeza kunye neekhemikhali eziphilayo, zifuna ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu bonyango.
Iindawo eziphambili zokukhula ziquka:
- Izibulali-ntsholongwane ezisekelwe kwi-chlorine (umz., i-sodium dichloroisocyanurate, i-trichloroisocyanuric acid, i-calcium hypochlorite, njl.njl.)
- I-asidi ye-peracetic
- Unyango lwe-ozone
- Ukubulala iintsholongwane kwi-Ultraviolet (UV)
- Iinkqubo ze-oxidation eziphambili (ii-AOP)
Iinkqubo zamanzi zikamasipala, ngakumbi, zixhomekeke kwizibulali-ntsholongwane ezizinzileyo nezithembekileyo ukuqinisekisa amanzi okusela akhuselekileyo.
Kutheni le nto ibalulekile le ndlela:
- Ukhuseleko lwempilo yoluntu
- Ukuncipha kokusasazeka kwesifo
- Ukuthobela izikhokelo ze-WHO
- Ukusasazwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwiinethiwekhi zemibhobho
Kwimisebenzi yemizi-mveliso, ulawulo lweentsholongwane kwiinqaba zokupholisa, amanzi asetyenzisiweyo, kunye namanzi amdaka luhlala lubalulekile ukuze kuthintelwe ukugqwala, ukwakheka, kunye neengozi zokhuseleko.
Isikhokelo Esiphambili 3: Ukukhula Okuqinileyo Ekusetyenzisweni Kwakhona Kwamanzi
Ngowama-2026, iinkqubo zokukhupha ulwelo (ZLD) ezingenanto kunye nezityalo zokusebenzisa amanzi kwakhona ziya kukhula ngamandla.
Amashishini asebenzisa ukuphinda asebenzise amanzi aquka:
- Ukuveliswa kombane
- Ukwemba
- Ii-semiconductors
- Ukucocwa
- Ukutya neziselo
- Amayeza
Abaqhubi bokwandisa:
- Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso amanzi
- Uxanduva lokusingqongileyo
- Iinjongo zozinzo kwezoshishino
- Imida yokukhupha ukungcola ngokomthetho
Ukujiya, ukutyibilika, ukuhluzwa kwe-membrane, kunye neekhemikhali zokubulala iintsholongwane zonke zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwezi nkqubo.
I-Trend 4 ephambili: I-Environmental, Social, and Administration (ESG), i-Sustainability, kunye ne-Green Chemistry
Imigangatho yokusingqongileyo, yentlalo, kunye nolawulo (ESG) inefuthe kwizigqibo zokuthenga kunye notyalo-mali kwihlabathi liphela.
Iinkampani zifuna ngakumbi:
- Iikhemikhali ezinobungozi obuphantsi
- Izisombululo ezinokubola
- Ukuncipha kwempembelelo yekhabhoni
- Ukupakisha okukhuselekileyo
- Iitsheyini zokubonelela ezinokulandelelwa
Ngowama-2026, abavelisi ababonelela ngeekhemikhali zonyango lwamanzi ezinokuthenjwa neziqinisekisiweyo baya kuba nethuba elikhulu lokukhuphisana.
Isikhokelo esiPhambili 5: Ukugxila kuKhuseleko lwaManzi okuSela kunye neMpilo yoLuntu
Amanzi okusela acocekileyo ahlala enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwihlabathi liphela.
Izityalo zokucoca amanzi amdaka zikamasipala zigxile kakhulu koku kulandelayo:
- Ulawulo lwezifo
- Ukunciphisa ukungcola
- Ukususa iintsimbi ezinzima
- Ukuphucula incasa nevumba
- Ukuthintela ukugqwala kwemibhobho
Imfuno yeii-coagulants, izibulali-ntsholongwane, kwaye iikhemikhali zokulwa nokugqwala kulindeleke ukuba ziqhubeke nokukhula.
Izicelo zeMizi-mveliso ziya kwanda ngo-2026
Amashishini aphambili axhomekeke ekunyangweni kwamanzi aquka:
- Ioyile kunye negesi
- Ukuveliswa kombane
- iMetallurgy
- Ukulungiswa kweekhemikhali
- Intlama kunye nephepha
- Isikhumba
- Ukwenziwa kwempahla yelaphu
- Izixhobo zombane
- Ishishini lokutya
- Amayeza, njl.
Ishishini ngalinye lifuna iindlela ezithile zokwenziwa kweekhemikhali, amaxwebhu okuthobela imithetho, kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa, nto leyo edala amathuba abalulekileyo kubaboneleli abakhethekileyo.
Indima yabaThengisi beeKhemikhali abanokuthenjwa ngo-2026
Njengoko iinkqubo zisiba nzima ngakumbi, abathengi bafuna okungaphezulu kuneemveliso nje kuphela. Bafuna amaqabane anokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezilandelayo:
- Ubonelelo oluzinzileyo nolusemgangathweni ophezulu
- Isikhokelo sobugcisa
- Inkxaso yemithetho
- Izisombululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso
- Izixhobo zovavanyo lwelebhu
- Amaxabiso akhuphisanayo
- Ubambiswano lwexesha elide
Ukudibanisa, ukucola, ukubulala iintsholongwane, kunye nobuchwepheshe bonyango obuphambili kuya kuhlala kungundoqo kwishishini. Abavelisi abanezakhono zokuvelisa ezinamandla, amava okuthumela ngaphandle, kunye neziqinisekiso zamazwe ngamazwe baya kuba nethuba elikhulu lokuphumelela kule marike ikhulayo. Iinkampani ezinokudibanisa iikhemikhali ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ubuchule bobuchwephesha, kunye nenkxaso ethembekileyo yezothutho ziya kuba ziinkokheli zoshishino kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ukunyanga amanzi akuyonto nje eyenzeka kushishino; sisiseko esibalulekileyo sokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso, kunye nempilo yoluntu. Ukujonga phambili ku-2026, imfuno yehlabathi yezisombululo zonyango lwamanzi ezithembekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo iya kuqhubeka ikhula.
Iinkampani eziqondayo iindlela zemarike kwaye zamkela ubuchwepheshe obuphambili ziya kuba kwindawo efanelekileyo yokusebenzisa amathuba kumacandelo emizi-mveliso kunye noomasipala.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-13-2026
