Izinto eziluncedo kwi-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu kunyango lwamanzi amdaka

Ngokukhawuleza kweshishini, ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka kuye kwaba ngumba omkhulu kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kwihlabathi. Undoqo wokucoca ugutyulo ulele ekukhetheni nasekusetyenzisweni kweiiflocculantskwinkqubo yokucoca. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kakuhle kakhulu (i-PAC), njenge-flocculant ebalulekileyo, ngokuthe ngcembe ibe "yimveliso yeenkwenkwezi" kushishino lokucoca ugutyulo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kunye namathemba osetyenziso olubanzi.

I-Polyaluminium chloride yi-inorganic polymer ikhompawundi enefuthe elinamandla le-flocculation. Ifunyenwe yi-polymerization reaction ye-aluminium chloride kunye ne-aluminium hydroxide phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Xa kuthelekiswa neeflocculants zetyuwa ze-aluminium zendabuko (ezifana ne-aluminium sulfate, i-aluminium ityuwa ye-coagulant, njl.), i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kakuhle kakhulu inamandla amakhulu okususa izinto ezingcolileyo, ngakumbi xa zijongene ne-turbidity ephezulu kunye nongcoliseko olunzima lweoli. Ukusebenza kubalaseleyo xa kuziwa kumgangatho wamanzi. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana nokucocwa kwelindle likamasipala, ukucocwa kwelindle kwimizi-mveliso, kunye nokucocwa kwelindle ekhaya.

Izinto eziluncedo zepolyaluminium chloride ephezulu

1. Impembelelo ye-flocculation iyamangalisa

I-Polyaluminium chloride esebenza kakuhle kakhulu inokukhawuleza yenza inani elikhulu leeflokthi ezintle emanzini, ngaloo ndlela ibhengeza ngokufanelekileyo izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo, izinto ze-colloidal kunye ne-microorganisms emanzini. Iyakwazi ukuthengisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye isuse amasuntswana amisiweyo, igrisi, i-ion zentsimbi enzima kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisa amanzi. Ngokukodwa xa ujongana nomgangatho wamanzi antsonkothileyo, isiphumo siphezulu kakhulu kuneeflocculants zetyuwa zealuminiyam. Kunyango lwamanzi amdaka, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kakuhle kakhulu inokunyusa isantya sokumisa itanki yentlenga ngexesha elifutshane, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa kakhulu umjikelo wokucocwa kogutyulo.

2.Uluhlu olubanzi lwesicelo

I-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu kakhuluiyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neentlobo ngeentlobo zeemeko zomgangatho wamanzi, kubandakanywa amanzi amdaka aphezulu, ugutyulo olunamafutha aphezulu, amanzi aqulathe isinyithi esinzima, kunye nobushushu obuphantsi bamanzi aphantsi, abonisa ukuguquguquka okuqinileyo. Inokususa ngokufanelekileyo uninzi lwezinto eziqinileyo kunye nezingcolisi emanzini, kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekucoceni ilindle kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nolawulo lukamasipala, ishishini kunye nemigodi. Umzekelo, kunyango lwangaphakathi lwelindle, amanzi amdaka e-pulp mill, amanzi amdaka esinyithi, amanzi amdaka kushishino lokutya kunye nezinye iimeko, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kwe-polyaluminium chloride kunokufikelela kwiziphumo ezigqwesileyo zonyango.

3. Idosi ephantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kunye nokonga amandla

Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-polyaluminium chloride yenzelwe ukufezekisa idosi encinci kunye nesiphumo esingcono se-flocculation. I-dosage ye-low-turbidity yi-25-40% ye-aluminium sulfate, kunye ne-dosage ye-turbidity ephezulu yi-10-25% ye-aluminium sulfate. Oku akugcini nje ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenzisa iikhemikhali, kodwa kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye ne-sludge kwinkqubo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka. Ngenxa yentsalela ye-aluminiyam ephantsi, inciphisa ungcoliseko lwesibini lwemithombo yamanzi kwaye inciphisa kakhulu iindleko zizonke zokucocwa kwelindle. Ngoko ke, ibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokugcina iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwizicelo eziphathekayo.

4. Ayinabungozi kokusingqongileyo

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu kakhulu kunempembelelo encinci kwindalo kunye nentsalela ye-aluminium ephantsi. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye ii-chemical flocculants, i-polyaluminium chloride ikhuselekile kwaye inempembelelo encinci kwi-pH kunye ne-TA yamanzi amdaka, ngoko ke imfuno yeekhemikhali zokulungelelanisa i-pH kunye ne-TA iyancipha. Ngokukodwa kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kunye neeprojekthi zokukhusela indalo, kuye kwaba yinto eluhlaza kunye nokuzikhethela kokusingqongileyo.

5. Ifanelekile kubushushu obuphantsi kunye nonyango lwamanzi oluphezulu lwe-turbidity

Ukucocwa kwamanzi ngamaxesha obushushu obuphantsi ngumngeni oqhelekileyo. Ngokukodwa ebusika obubandayo, ukusebenza kweeflocculants ezininzi zendabuko kuya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kakuhle kakhulu inokuqhubeka nokugcina umphumo ophezulu we-flocculation phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphantsi. Ukongeza, xa ubuninzi bamanzi buphezulu, iPAC iphinda ibonise amandla okusebenza okuqinileyo kwaye inokususa ngokufanelekileyo amasuntswana amisiweyo kunye ne-colloidal substances emanzini. Kumanzi anongcoliseko olunzima lweoyile, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kakuhle kakhulu inesiphumo esihle kakhulu sokuthoba.

6. Ukulungelelanisa kwiindidi zexabiso le-pH ezahlukeneyo

I-Polyaluminium chloride esebenza kakuhle kakhulu inokuguquguquka okuqinileyo kwiinguqu kwi-pH yamanzi kwaye inokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-pH. Ngokubanzi, iPAC inokugcina isiphumo esihle sokushukuma emanzini anexabiso eliphantsi (elineasidi) okanye ngaphezulu (i-alkaline) ye-pH, eyandisa ngakumbi ukusebenza kwayo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho wamanzi. 5.0-9.0 vs 5.5-7.5

7. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwentlenga kunye nokunciphisa umthamo wodaka

Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-polyaluminium chloride inceda ukukhawulezisa ukuhlaliswa kweengqungquthela eziqinileyo kugutyulo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwetanki ye-sedimentation ngokuphucula ukuxinana kunye nokuzinza kweeflocs. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu le-polymerization ye-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu, i-flocs eyenziwe iqina kwaye ihlale ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa inani le-sludge eveliswayo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kunyango olulandelayo kunye nokulahlwa kodaka, kwaye kunokunciphisa iindleko kunye nobunzima bonyango lwe-sludge.

Imizekelo yokusetyenziswa kwe-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu kakhulu kunyango lwamanzi amdaka

1. Ukucocwa kwelindle likamasipala

Kwintsimi yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kamasipala, i-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu kakhulu ingasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-pretreatment kunye nezigaba zesibini zonyango lwezityalo zamanzi. Iyakwazi ukususa ngokufanelekileyo izinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo, izinto ze-colloidal, iibhaktheriya kunye nezinye i-microorganisms emanzini, ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi, kunye nokubonelela ngomthombo wamanzi osemgangathweni ophezulu wonyango olulandelayo lwebhayoloji. IPAC iye yaba yenye yeendawo eziphambili zokucocwa kogutyulo kwizixeko ezininzi zasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.

2.Ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kumashishini

Kwintsimi yonyango lwamanzi amdaka, i-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu isetyenziswa kakhulu. Inesiphumo esihle sonyango kumanzi amdaka amashishini ukusuka kushicilelo kunye nokudaya, ukwenza iphepha, isikhumba, i-electroplating kunye namanye amashishini, kwaye inokususa ngokufanelekileyo izinto ezingcolisayo ezifana nombala, i-COD kunye ne-BOD. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-metallurgy, amandla ombane, imboni yeekhemikhali, i-papermaking, i-process processing kunye namanye amashishini, i-PAC inokunceda ukususa isinyithi esinzima, i-oyile, iinqununu ezimisiwe kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo emanzini. Ngokukodwa xa kunyangwa amanzi amdaka anamafutha, iPAC ibonise isakhono sayo sokususa i-oyile kwaye inokunciphisa kakhulu umthamo we-oyile kumanzi.

3. Ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwimigodi

Kwintsimi yokulungiswa kwamanzi amdaka, i-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu kakhulu inokususa ngokufanelekileyo amaminerali, i-sediment kunye nezinye izinto ezimisiweyo emanzini, ukubonelela ngenkxaso yokuhlaziywa kwamanzi kunye nokubuyiselwa kwezinto eziphilayo kwiindawo zemigodi. Ekubeni umgangatho wamanzi kwiindawo zokumbiwa kwemigodi unzima kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo uqulethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo kunye nesinyithi esinzima, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kwe-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu kakhulu kubalaseleyo kolu hlobo lokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka.

Nje,i-polyaluminium chloride ephezulu kakhulu, njenge-flocculant egqwesileyo yokucoca amanzi amdaka, ineenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zobugcisa kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ngokukodwa kwimeko ye-turbidity ephezulu, umgangatho wamanzi onzima, kunye nongcoliseko lwe-oyile enzima, inokufezekisa iziphumo ezigqwesileyo zonyango.