Indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kwishishini le-papermaking ngokusebenzisa i-polyacrylamide

Polyacrylamidesisongezo esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kushishino lwephepha. I-Polyacrylamide (PAM), njengepolymer e-soluble yamanzi, ine-flocculation egqwesileyo, ukuqina, ukusabalalisa kunye nezinye iimpawu. Izakusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Kwishishini lokwenza iphepha, iPAM idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Uzise inzuzo ebalulekileyo yezoqoqosho kwishishini lokwenza iphepha ngokuphucula iimpawu ze-pulp kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle koomatshini bephepha. Eli nqaku liza kuxubusha ngokubanzi ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyacrylamide kwimveliso yephepha kunye nefuthe layo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.

iipropati Basic kunye nemisebenzi polyacrylamide

I-Polyacrylamide yi-polymer ephezulu ye-molecular enokwahlulwa ibe yi-nonionic, i-anionic, i-cationic kunye neentlobo ze-amphoteric ngokweempawu zayo zentlawulo. Xa i-PAM inyibilika emanzini, kunye ne-long-chain ye-molecular structure ivumela ukuba ibe nemisebenzi egqwesileyo efana ne-flocculation, i-thickening, uncedo lokugcinwa, kunye noncedo lokucoca. Kwishishini lephepha, i-polyacrylamide isetyenziswa ikakhulu kule miba ilandelayo:

1. Uncedo lokugcina:

Iimolekyuli ze-PAM zinesakhiwo sekhonkco elide kwaye zinokubhengezwa kumphezulu weefiber kunye nezihluzi ukwenza iibhulorho. Ngokwenza ngcono izinga lokugcinwa kwezihluzi kunye neentsinga kwiwebhu yephepha. Ukunciphisa ilahleko yefayibha kumanzi amhlophe kwaye unciphise ilahleko yezinto ezikrwada. Ngokunyusa izinga lokugcinwa kwezihluzi kunye nemicu, iipropathi ezibonakalayo zephepha ezifana nokuguda, ukuprintwa, kunye namandla kunokuphuculwa.

2. Uncedo lokucoca:

Ukuphucula ukusebenza kokukhutshwa kwamanzi kwi-pulp, ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokucoca amanzi kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

3. I-Flocculant:

Ukukhawulezisa ukuchithwa kwe-sludge: I-PAM inokuthi iqhube ngokufanelekileyo i-fibers encinci, iifayili kunye nezinye izinto ezimisiweyo kwi-pulp ukuze zenze i-particle flocs, isantya sokuhlaliswa kwe-sludge kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zonyango lwe-sludge.

Ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi: I-PAM inokususa ngokufanelekileyo i-solids emisiwe kunye ne-organic matter kumanzi amdaka, ukunciphisa i-BOD kunye ne-COD kumanzi amdaka, ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi, nokunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwendalo.

4. Umsasazi:

Thintela i-fiber agglomeration: I-PAM inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo i-fiber agglomeration kwi-pulp, iphucule ukufana kwe-pulp, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wephepha.

Ukusetyenziswa kwepolyacrylamide kwiteknoloji yokwenza iphepha

1. Isigaba sokulungiselela i-Pulp

Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulungiselela i-pulp, iifibers ezintle kunye nezizalisi zilahleka ngokulula ngamanzi amdaka, okubangela inkunkuma yobutyebi kunye nokungcoliseka kwendalo. Ukusebenzisa i-cationic polyacrylamide njengoncedo lokugcina inokuthi ibambe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ilungise iifiber ezincinci kunye nezihluzi kwi-pulp ngokusebenzisa i-neutralization yentlawulo kunye nokudibanisa. Oku akunciphisi nje ilahleko yeentsinga, kodwa kwakhona kunciphisa ukulayishwa konyango lwelindle.

2. Umatshini wephepha inkqubo yokuphela emanzi

Kumatshini wephepha wokuphela kwenkqubo emanzi, ukuchithwa kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza kuyisitshixo sokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. I-Anionic okanye i-nonionic polyacrylamide ingasetyenziswa njengoncedo lokucoca ukwenza kube lula ukuba amanzi abaleke kwi-fiber network structure ngokuphucula i-flocculation phakathi kwemicu. Le nkqubo inciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokuchithwa kwamanzi ngelixa inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha lokumisa.

3. Isigaba sokwenza amaphepha

Njenge-dispersant, i-polyacrylamide inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo i-fiber flocculation kunye nokuphucula ukufana kunye nokugudiswa komphezulu wephepha. Ngokukhetha ngononophelo ubunzima bemolekyuli kunye nokuxinana kwentlawulo ye-PAM, iipropathi ezibonakalayo zephepha eligqityiweyo, njengamandla okuqina kunye namandla okukrazula, nawo anokwandiswa. Ukongeza, i-polyacrylamide inokuphucula isiphumo sokugquma sephepha eligqunyiweyo kwaye yenze umsebenzi woshicilelo lwephepha ube ngcono.

Iinzuzo eziphambili zepolyacrylamide ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso

1. Nciphisa ilahleko yempahla ekrwada

Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokugcina kuphucula kakhulu izinga lokugcinwa kweefiber ezintle kunye nezihlunu kwi-pulp, kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza, kunye nokugcina iindleko zokuvelisa ngokuthe ngqo.

2. Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni

Ukuqaliswa kwezixhobo zokucoca kwenza inkqubo yokukhupha amanzi isebenze ngakumbi, ngoko kwandisa isantya sokusebenza komatshini wephepha kunye nokunciphisa umjikelezo wokuvelisa. Oku akugcini nje ukwandisa umthamo wokuvelisa wedwa, kodwa kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

3. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka

Ngokuphucula umphumo we-flocculation, i-polyacrylamide inokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo wezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo kumanzi amdaka, ukunciphisa ukulayishwa kwamaziko okucoca ugutyulo olusuka kumthombo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokusingqongileyo zamashishini.

4. Ukuphucula umgangatho wephepha

Ukusetyenziswa kwee-dispersants kwenza ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwefiber kwephepha kufane ngakumbi, kuphucula ngokubonakalayo iimpawu ezibonakalayo zephepha, kunye nokuphucula ukukhuphisana kwemarike yemveliso.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyacrylamide

Ukuze unike umdlalo opheleleyo ekusebenzeni kwe-polyacrylamide, ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka zigxininiswe:

1. Ukukhetha imodeli yePAM

Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokwenza iphepha kunye neentlobo zephepha zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zobunzima be-molecular and charge density of PAM. Ubunzima be-molecular PAM bufanelekile kwi-flocculation kunye noncedo lokucoca, ngelixa ubunzima obuphantsi be-molecular PAM bufaneleka ngakumbi ukusabalalisa.

2. Ukongeza isixa kunye nendlela yokongeza

Isixa sePAM esongeziweyo kufuneka silawulwe ngokuchanekileyo. Izixa ezigqithisileyo zinokubangela iziphumo ezibi, ezinjengokuchaphazela ukusebenza kokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye ukonyusa iindleko zemveliso. Kwangaxeshanye, indlela yokudibanisa ehlakazekileyo ngokulinganayo kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuphepha ukuhlanganiswa kwendawo okuchaphazela umphumo.

3. Iimeko zenkqubo

Ubushushu, i-pH kunye neemeko zamanzi zonke zichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-PAM. Ngokomzekelo, i-PAM ye-cationic isebenza kakuhle ngokungathathi hlangothi kwiimeko ze-acidic, ngelixa i-anionic PAM ifanelekile kwiindawo ze-alkaline.

Njengesongezo esinemisebenzi emininzi kwishishini le-papermaking, i-polyacrylamide idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye ne-flocculation yayo egqwesileyo, ukugcinwa, ukuhluza kunye neempawu zokusabalalisa. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, iinkampani kufuneka zikhethe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ziphucule iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwe-PAM ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zabo zenkqubo kunye neemfuno zokufezekisa inzuzo engcono kakhulu yezoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo.