Ukukhupha igolide nesilivere ngokufanelekileyo kwi-ore yinkqubo enzima efuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweekhemikhali kunye neendlela eziphambili zokucubungula. Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswa kwimigodi yanamhlanje,I-Polyacrylamide(PAM) ivelele njengenye yeekhemikhali zokwemba ezisebenzayo nezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ngenxa yeempawu ezintle zokutyibilika kunye nokuziqhelanisa neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenziwa kweentsimbi, iPAM idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukwahlukana, ukwandisa isivuno, kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokubuyisela igolide nesilivere.
Indlela iPolyacrylamide Esebenza Ngayo Kwinkqubo Yokukhupha
1. Ukulungiswa kwe-ore
Le nkqubo iqala ngokutyumza nokusila i-ore, apho i-ore eluhlaza incitshiswa ibe bubungakanani obuncinci obufanelekileyo bokukhuhla. Le ore icociweyo emva koko ixutywa namanzi kunye nelayimu ukwenza i-slurry efanayo kwi-ball mill. I-slurry ephumayo ibonelela ngesiseko semisebenzi ye-metallurgical esezantsi efana nokukhuhla, ukukhuhla, kunye nokufunxa.
2. Ukungcola kunye nokuQokelela
Olu daka lufakwa kwisixhobo sokujiya esingaphambi kokulea. Kulapho keIiflokculants zePolyacrylamidezongezwa kuqala. Iimolekyuli zePAM zinceda ekubopheni amasuntswana aqinileyo kunye, nto leyo ebangela ukuba enze ii-aggregates ezinkulu okanye "ii-flocs." Ezi flocs zihlala ngokukhawuleza ezantsi kwetanki yokutyeba, nto leyo ephumela kwisigaba solwelo esicacileyo phezulu. Eli nyathelo libalulekile ekususeni izinto eziqinileyo ezingaphezulu kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zeekhemikhali ezilandelayo.
3. Ukucocwa kweCyanide
Emva kokwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo, udaka olujiyileyo lungena kuluhlu lweetanki zokutsala amanzi. Kwezi tanki, kongezwa isisombululo se-cyanide ukuze kunyibilikiswe igolide nesilivere kwi-ore. I-PAM inceda ukugcina ukuhambelana kodaka olufanelekileyo kwaye iphucula ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-cyanide kunye namasuntswana eeminerali. Olu qhagamshelwano luphuculweyo luphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokulahla amanzi, okuvumela ukuba kufunyenwe igolide nesilivere eninzi kwixabiso elifanayo le-ore eluhlaza.
4. Ukufunxwa kwekhabhoni
Xa izinyithi ezixabisekileyo zinyibilikisiwe kwisisombululo, i-slurry ingena kwiitanki zokufunxa ikhabhoni. Kweli nqanaba, ikhabhoni esebenzayo ifunxa igolide nesilivere ezinyibilikisiweyo kwisisombululo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyacrylamide kuqinisekisa ukuba i-slurry ihamba ngokulinganayo kwaye ingaxinani, okuvumela ukuxubana okungcono kunye nokufunxa okuphezulu. Okukhona olu qhagamshelwano lusebenza kakuhle, kokukhona izinga lokubuyisela izinyithi ezixabisekileyo liphezulu.
5. Isisombululo kunye nokuBuyiselwa kweNsimbi
Ikhabhoni egcwele isinyithi iyahlulwa ize idluliselwe kwinkqubo yokucoca, apho amanzi ashushu kakhulu okanye isisombululo se-caustic cyanide sisusa igolide nesilivere kwikhabhoni. Isisombululo esifunyenweyo, ngoku esinee-ion zesinyithi, sithunyelwa kwiziko lokunyibilikisa ukuze sicocwe ngakumbi. I-slurry eseleyo—ebizwa ngokuba zii-tailings—idluliselwa emachibini e-tailings. Apha, i-PAM iphinda isetyenziselwe ukuhlalisa izinto eziseleyo eziqinileyo, ukucacisa amanzi, kunye nokuxhasa ukugcinwa kwenkunkuma yemigodi ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kwindalo.
Iingenelo zokusebenzisa iPolyacrylamide kwiMigodi yeGolide
✅ Isivuno Esiphezulu Sokukhupha
Ii-flocculants zePolyacrylamide zinokunyusa amazinga okubuyisa igolide nesilivere ngaphezulu kwe-20%, ngokutsho kwezifundo zokuphucula inkqubo yokwemba. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokwahlulwahlulwa kukhokelela ekuphumeni okukhulu kwesinyithi kunye nokusetyenziswa ngcono kwezixhobo ze-ore.
✅ Ixesha Lokucubungula Elikhawulezayo
Ngokukhawulezisa ukutyibilika kwenkunkuma kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba kodaka, i-PAM inceda ekunciphiseni ixesha lokugcina izinto eziqinileyo kunye neetanki. Oku kunokukhokelela ekucutshungulweni ngokukhawuleza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30%, ukuphucula ukwenziwa kwayo kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kakuhle.
✅ Isebenza kakuhle kwaye izinzile
Ukusetyenziswa kwePolyacrylamide kunceda ukunciphisa ubungakanani be-cyanide kunye nezinye izinto ezifunekayo, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zeekhemikhali. Ukongeza, ukuphuculwa kokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweekhemikhali kuncedisa kwimisebenzi yokwemba ezinzileyo kokusingqongileyo, okunceda imisebenzi ihlangabezane nemigaqo karhulumente kunye nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo.
Umthengisi othembekileyo wePolyacrylamide kwizicelo zeMigodi
Njengomsebenzi oqeqeshiweyoumboneleli weekhemikhali zokucoca amanzikunye neekhemikhali zokwemba, sinikezela uluhlu olupheleleyo lweemveliso ze-polyacrylamide ezifanelekileyo zokukhupha igolide nesilivere. Nokuba ufuna i-anionic, i-cationic, okanye i-non-ionic PAM, sinikezela:
- Ubunyulu obuphezulu kunye nomgangatho ohambelanayo
- Inkxaso yobugcisa yokulinganisa idosi kunye nokwenza ngcono ukusetyenziswa kwayo
- Ukupakishwa ngokwezifiso kunye nokuhanjiswa ngobuninzi
- Amaxabiso akhuphisanayo kunye nokuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza
Sikwaqhuba iilabhoratri eziphambili kwaye sigcina ulawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke ibhetshi iyahlangabezana neemfuno zakho ezithile zokucubungula.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-23-2025