Ngokuphuculwa kweemfuno zabantu kwimpilo kunye nomgangatho wobomi, ukuqubha kuye kwaba ngumdlalo odumileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukhuseleko lomgangatho wamanzi echibini lokudada luhambelana ngqo nempilo yabasebenzisi, ngokoindawo yokuqubha yokubulala iintsholongwanelikhonkco elibalulekileyo elingenakungahoywa. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa ulwahlulo oluphambili lwee-disinfectants kwidama lokuqubha kunye neemeko zabo zesicelo ezifanelekileyo ukunceda abafundi ukuba bakhethe ngcono kwaye basebenzise iimveliso ezifanelekileyo.
Ulwahlulo oluphambili lwezibulali ntsholongwane kwidama lokuqubha
Izibulali ntsholongwane kwidama lokuqubha zahlulwe ikakhulu kwezi ndidi zilandelayo:
1. Iintsholongwane ezisekelwe kwiklorini
Izibulali-ntsholongwane ezisekwe kwiklorine zezona mveliso zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwidama lokuqubha zokubulala iintsholongwane okwangoku, ingakumbi ezibandakanya ezi zilandelayo:
- I-Trichloroisocyanuric Acid(TCCA)
I-Trichloroisocyanuric acid yinto esebenza kakhulu kwaye izinzile kwi-chlorine-based disinfectant kunye nefuthe elihle kakhulu le-bactericidal kunye nozinzo olude, olufanelekileyo kumachibi okubhukuda angaphandle.
- I-Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate(SDIC)
Esi sibulali ntsholongwane sinyibilika ngokukhawuleza kwaye sinokusetyenziswa njengomothuko wedama. Ifanelekile kwiimeko ezifuna unyango olukhawulezayo, olufana nokubulala iintsholongwane ngokukhawuleza okanye amachibi okubhukuda anomgangatho ophantsi wamanzi.
I-calcium hypochlorite inamandla oxidizing olomeleleyo kwaye inyibilika ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yokugcina kunye nokuthutha.
2. BCDMH(Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin)
I-Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin inokuqhubeka nokukhulula i-Br esebenzayo kunye ne-Cl esebenzayo ngokunyibilika emanzini ukwenza i-hypobromous acid kunye ne-hypochlorous acid. I-asidi ye-hypobromous eveliswayo kunye ne-asidi ye-hypochlorous ineempawu ezinamandla ze-oxidizing kwaye i-oxidize i-enzymes ye-biological kwi-microorganisms ukufezekisa injongo yokuvala inzala.
3. Iozoni
I-Ozone i-oxidant enamandla ekwazi ukubulala ngokufanelekileyo i-microorganisms kwaye ifanelekile kumachibi okubhukuda aphezulu kunye ne-spas.
4. I-Ultraviolet disinfection
Itekhnoloji ye-Ultraviolet ibulala iibhaktheriya ngokutshabalalisa i-DNA ye-microorganisms, kodwa kufuneka isetyenziswe kunye nezinye ii-disinfectants ukugcina isakhono sokubulala iintsholongwane emanzini.
Olona khetho lubalaseleyo lokubulala iintsholongwane kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo
Ukhetho lwesibulali-ntsholongwane kufuneka luhluke ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokusetyenziswa kunye neemeko zedama lokuqubha.
1. Idama lokuqubha losapho
Amadama okuqubha osapho aqhele ukuba mancinci ngobungakanani kwaye anokukhawulelwa ukusetyenziswa rhoqo, ngoko ke isibulali-ntsholongwane ekulula ukusisebenza kwaye sikhuselekile ukusigcina kufuneka sikhethwe.
-Iimveliso ezicetyiswayo: iipilisi ze-trichloroisocyanuric acid okanye i-sodium dichloroisocyanurate granules.
- Izizathu:
- Kulula ukulawula isixa sokukhululwa.
-Isiphumo esihle esiqhubekayo sokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokunciphisa ukugcinwa rhoqo.
- Amacandelo e-Cyanuric acid anokukhusela ngokufanelekileyo umsebenzi weklorini.
2. Amadama okuqubha oluntu angaphandle
Amadama okuqubha kawonke-wonke angaphandle asetyenziswa rhoqo kwaye ahamba kakhulu abantu, afuna izisombululo ezisebenzayo nezinoqoqosho zokubulala iintsholongwane.
- Iimveliso ezicetyiswayo:
- I-Trichloroisocyanuric acid (efanelekile ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla).
- I-SDIC kunye (ilungele ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza ngexesha leencopho).
i-calcium hypochlorite kunye ne-cyanuric acid
- Izizathu:
- Umthamo ozinzileyo wokukhupha iklorine uhlangabezana neemfuno zomthwalo ophezulu.
- Ixabiso eliphantsi ngokwentelekiso, lilungele ukusetyenziswa komgangatho omkhulu.
3. Amadama okuqubha angaphakathi
Amachibi okubhukuda angaphakathi aneemeko zokungena komoya, kwaye i-volatilization ye-chlorine inokubangela iingxaki zempilo, ngoko ke kufuneka kukhethwe iimveliso eziphantsi okanye ezingaguqukiyo.
- Iimveliso ezicetyiswayo:
-Calcium hypochlorite.
- I-SDIC
- Izibulali-ntsholongwane ezingezizo i-chlorine (ezifana ne-PHMB).
- Izizathu:
- Ukunciphisa ivumba leklorini kunye nokucaphuka.
- Gcina ucoceko ngelixa uphucula amava omsebenzisi.
4. Ii-spas okanye iindawo zokuqubha eziphezulu
Ezi ndawo zijolise ekucocekeni kwamanzi kunye namava omsebenzisi, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zikhetha izisombululo ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye nezisebenzayo.
- Iimveliso ezicetyiswayo: SDIC, BCDMH, ozone
- Izizathu:
- Ukuvala inzala okusebenzayo kakhulu ngelixa kuncitshiswa iintsalela zeekhemikhali.
-Phucula intuthuzelo kunye nokuthembela komsebenzisi.
5. Amadama okuqubha abantwana
Amachibi okubhukuda abantwana kufuneka ahlawule ngokukodwa ukucaphuka okuphantsi kunye nokhuseleko.
- Iimveliso ezicetyiswayo: SDIC, PHMB
- Izizathu:
- Izibulali-ntsholongwane ezingena-chlorine zinokunciphisa ukucaphuka kwesikhumba namehlo.
- Ukukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet kunciphisa ukubunjwa kweemveliso ezinobungozi.
Izilumkiso zokubulala iintsholongwane kwidama lokuqubha
Xa ukhetha kwaye usebenzisa ii-disinfectants, kufuneka uqaphele la manqaku alandelayo:
1. Landela imiyalelo yemveliso
Idosi kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa kwezibulala-ntsholongwane ezahlukeneyo ziyahluka. Kufuneka ulandele ngokungqongqo imiyalelo ukuphepha ukugqithisa okanye ukuthoba.
2. Beka esweni umgangatho wamanzi rhoqo
Sebenzisa imicu yovavanyo lwe-pool okanye izixhobo zovavanyo lobuchwephesha ukujonga rhoqo ixabiso le-pH, intsalela yoxinaniso lweklorin kunye nealkalinity epheleleyo emanzini ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wamanzi uyahambelana nemigangatho.
3. Thintela ukuxutywa kweekhemikhali
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokubulala iintsholongwane zinokusabela ngokwekhemikhali, ngoko ke ukuhambelana kufuneka kuqinisekiswe phambi kokusetyenziswa.
4. Ukugcinwa okukhuselekileyo
Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka agcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, engenamoya, kude namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nelanga elithe ngqo, nangaphandle kwabantwana.
Ukukhethwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali ntsholongwane echibini ngundoqo ekugcineni umgangatho wamanzi echibini. Ukukhetha i-disinfectant efanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zeemeko ezahlukeneyo akunakuqinisekisa kuphela ngokufanelekileyo ukhuseleko lomgangatho wamanzi, kodwa nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcina kunye nokuphucula amava omsebenzisi. Njengeumenzi wemichiza echibini, sineminyaka emininzi yamava. Ukuba ufuna ulwazi oluthe kratya okanye inkxaso yenkonzo malunga neekhemikhali zamachibi, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-16-2024