Kwinkqubo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, kufuneka kudlule kuthotho lwamanyathelo okusebenza, kwaye emva kokuvavanywa ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nomgangatho wokukhutshwa kwawo, uyakhutshwa. Kolu thotho lweenkqubo, i-flocculant idlala indima ebalulekileyo.I-Flocculantingakwazi ukugquma izinto ezixhonyiweyo zeemolekyuli ezincinci emanzini. Ukuzinza, okwenza kube lula ukuzihluza. Iindidi zeeflocculants nazo zityebile kakhulu. Indlela yokukhetha iflocculant ekufaneleyo nayo ibalulekile kwaye ibalulekile. Ngokuphathelele ukukhetha iiflocculants, abavelisi bePAM kunye nePAC banezi ngcebiso zilandelayo:
Indlela yokukhetha i-flocculant kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kufuneka ikhethwe ngokweempawu zamanzi amdaka kwishishini elithile. Kwangaxeshanye, kuxhomekeke nokuba i-flocculant yongezwa phi kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni. Ngokubanzi, xa ukhetha i-flocculant engaphiliyo, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukwakheka kwamanzi amdaka, uze ukhethe efanelekileyo (ityuwa yesinyithi, ityuwa ye-aluminiyam okanye ityuwa yesinyithi-aluminium, ityuwa ye-silicon-aluminium, ityuwa ye-silicon-ferric, njl.njl.); ii-flocculants ze-polymer ezingaphiliyo ziquka:i-polyaluminum chloride (I-PAC), i-polyaluminum sulfate (I-PAS), i-polyaluminum sulfochloride (IiPACSkunyei-polyferric sulfate (I-PFS), njl. Phakathi kwazo, ii-PAC kunye ne-PAS ezimele ngakumbi zineempawu zokuzivumelanisa kakuhle notshintsho lomgangatho wamanzi olunyangwa ziikhemikhali zonyango lwamanzi angavuthwanga, iziphumo ezilungileyo zokujiya kunye nokucoca, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi leekhemikhali.
Xa ukhetha i-flocculant yendalo (efana:i-polyacrylamide PAM), kuxhomekeke kakhulu ekubeni kusetyenziswa i-anionic polyacrylamide, i-cationic polyacrylamide okanye i-nonionic polyacrylamide. Ii-anionic polyacrylamide zisekelwe kwinqanaba le-hydrolysis. Ukukhethwa kwee-cation kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekususeni amanzi kwi-sludge. Ukukhethwa kwe-cationic polyacrylamide kubaluleke kakhulu. Izityalo zonyango lwelindle zasezidolophini zihlala zisebenzisa i-medium-strong cationic polyacrylamide. Ii-cation ezibuthathaka zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuphelelwa ngamanzi kwi-sludge ekwenzeni amaphepha kunye nokuprinta kunye nokudaya izityalo, kwaye amanzi amdaka ezonyango asetyenziswa rhoqo. Khetha ii-cations ezinamandla njalo njalo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwamanzi amdaka luneempawu zalo. I-non-ionic polyacrylamide isetyenziswa kakhulu phantsi kweemeko ezibuthathaka ze-asidi, kwaye i-non-ionic PAM isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiifektri zokuprinta kunye nokudaya.
Ababoneleli ngeearhente zonyango lwamanzicebisa ukuba ukukhethwa kwazo zonke ezi flocculants kufuneka kumiselwe ngokwesivavanyo. Kuvavanyo, misela ubungakanani bedosi eqikelelweyo, jonga isantya se flocculation kunye ne sedimentation, ubale iindleko zonyango, kwaye ukhethe iarhente ye flocculation engabizi kakhulu nefanelekileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-19-2022