I-PAM Flocculant: imveliso yeekhemikhali enamandla yonyango lwamanzi amashishini

Polyacrylamide(PAM) i-hydrophilic synthetic polymer esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zokunyanga amanzi. Isetyenziswa ngokuyintloko njenge-flocculant kunye ne-coagulant, i-agent yekhemikhali ebangela ukuba amasuntswana amisiweyo emanzini adityaniswe kwiiflokhi ezinkulu, ngaloo ndlela inceda ukususwa kwazo ngokucaciswa okanye ukuhluzwa. Ngokuxhomekeke kumgangatho wamanzi amdaka, sebenzisa i-cationic, i-anionic, okanye i-PAM engekho ionic. I-Polyacrylamide ibonelela ngeengenelo ezininzi kunyango lwamanzi, kubandakanya ukusebenza kwayo kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-pH, ubushushu, kunye noluhlu lwe-turbidity. Impembelelo yokudibanisa inokuvavanywa kusetyenziswa iimvavanyo zeJar okanye umlinganiselo we-turbidity.

I-Polyacrylamide ingasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunyango lwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso, ukucocwa kogutyulo, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, njl.njl kwizityalo zokucoca amanzi, i-polyacrylamide isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukucaciswa okuphambili kunye nesekondari, ukuhluzwa, kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokucaciswa okuphambili, yongezwa kumanzi akrwada ukukhuthaza ukuhlaliswa kwezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo, ezithi ke zisuswe ngentlenga okanye nge-flotation. Kwingcaciso yesibini, i-polyacrylamide isetyenziselwa ukucacisa ngakumbi amanzi acociweyo ngokususa izinto ezisele zinqunyanyisiwe kunye ne-adsorbed organic matter.

Umgaqo wokusebenza wepolyacrylamide flocculantyi: emva kokongeza isisombululo se-PAM, i-PAM ibhengeza kwiincinci, ukwenza iibhuloho phakathi kwabo. Kwidama lokuqala, ibambelela ukwenza iiflocs ezinkulu, kwaye umzimba wamanzi uba nesiphithiphithi ngeli xesha. Emva kokuba inani elikhulu leentyatyambo likhule kwaye libe likhulu, liya kufuduka kwaye litshone ngokukhawuleza ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye umaleko ongaphezulu wamanzi akrwada uya kucaca. Le nkqubo yokudibanisa iphucula iimpawu zokumisela iinqununu, okwenza kube lula ukususa ngexesha lokucacisa okanye ukuhluzwa. I-Polyacrylamide isoloko isetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunye nezinye i-coagulants kunye ne-flocculants ukufezekisa ukucaciswa okufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza kokucoca.

I-Polyacrylamide nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhluzeni amanzi. Ihlala isetyenziswa njengesihluzi sangaphambili kwizihluzi okanye ezinye iindlela zokuhluza ngokwasemzimbeni ukususa izinto eziqinileyo kunye ne-turbidity. Ngokuphucula ukukhutshwa kwezi ngqungquthela, i-polyacrylamide inceda ukuqinisekisa i-filtrate ecacileyo, ecocekileyo.

I-Polyacrylamide yipolymer ezinzileyo kwaye engekho tyhefu eqhekeza iinkqubo zendalo okanye iindlela zonyango lwebhayoloji. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isisombululo esichithekileyo siya kubangela ukuba umgangatho ube mtyibilizi kakhulu, nto leyo inokukhokelela ekuwa.

Nangona kunjalo, inani le-PAM elisetyenzisiweyo lixhomekeke kuhlobo lwamanzi amdaka kunye nomxholo wamasuntswana aqinileyo amisiweyo, kunye nobukho bezinye iikhemikhali, i-acids, kunye nokungcola emanzini. Ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela umphumo we-coagulation we-PAM, ngoko ke ulungelelaniso olufanelekileyo kufuneka lwenziwe ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Iimveliso ze-PAM ezinobunzima beemolekyuli ezahlukeneyo, i-ionic degrees, kunye needosi kufuneka zikhethwe ngononophelo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zamanzi amdaka.