Ukunyangwa kwamanzi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nempilo yoluntu, kwaye injongo yayo kukuqinisekisa umgangatho wamanzi okhuselekileyo kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zezicelo ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kweendlela ezininzi zokunyanga amanzi,polyaluminium chloride(PAC) ikhethwa ngokubanzi ngenxa yeepropati zayo ezizodwa kunye nesiphumo esisebenzayo sokudibanisa.
Isiphumo esisebenzayo sokudityaniswa: I-PAC inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokudityaniswa kwaye inokususa ngokufanelekileyo ukungcola okunje ngokunqunyanyiswa okuqinileyo, i-colloids kunye ne-organic into enganyibilikiyo emanzini kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi.
Indlela ye-polyaluminium chloride (i-PAC) njenge-coagulant ikakhulu ibandakanya ukunyanzeliswa kombane ophindwe kabini, ukuchithwa kwentlawulo kunye nokubanjwa komnatha. Ukunyanzeliswa kombane ophindwe kabini kuthetha ukuba emva kokongeza iPAC emanzini, ii-ion ze-aluminium kunye ne-chloride ion zenza umaleko we-adsorption kumphezulu wamasuntswana e-colloidal, ngaloo ndlela ucinezela umaleko wombane ophindwe kabini kumphezulu we-colloidal particles, ebangela ukuba bangazinzi kwaye ukujiya i-adsorption bridging yi I-cations kwi-molecule ye-PAC itsala enye kunye neentlawulo ezimbi kumphezulu we-colloidal particles, eyenza "ibhulorho" isakhiwo sokudibanisa amasuntswana amaninzi e-colloidal; Isiphumo somnatha sibangelwa yi-adsorption kunye ne-bridging effect ye-PAC molecules kunye ne-colloidal particles, ehambisa i-colloidal particles. Ubanjwe kuthungelwano lwee-athomu ze-coagulant.
Ukusetyenziswa kwePolyaluminium chloride kunyango lwamanzi
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-inorganic flocculants, iphucule kakhulu isiphumo se-decolorization yedayi. Indlela yokusebenza kwayo kukuba iPAC inokukhuthaza iimolekyuli zedayi ukuba zenze iiflocs ezicolekileyo ngoxinzelelo okanye ukungathathi hlangothi kombane ophindwe kabini.
Xa i-PAM isetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo ne-PAC, i-anionic organic polymer molecules inokusebenzisa i-bridging effect yamatyathanga azo amade eemolekyuli ukuvelisa iiflocs ezityebileyo ngentsebenziswano ye-agent destabilizing. Le nkqubo inceda ukuphucula umphumo wokumisa kwaye yenza i-ion zensimbi ezinzima zisuse lula. Ukongeza, inani elikhulu lamaqela e-amide aqulethwe kumatyathanga asecaleni eemolekyuli ze-anionic polyacrylamide anokwenza iibhondi ze-ionic kunye ne-SON kwiimolekyuli zedayi. Ukuqulunqwa kwesi sibophelelo sekhemikhali kunciphisa ukunyibilika kwe-organic flocculant emanzini, ngaloo ndlela kukhuthazwa ukuqulunqwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunyuka kwemvula. Le ndlela yokubopha inzulu yenza ukuba kube nzima kakhulu ukuba i-ion zensimbi enzima zibaleke, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nesiphumo sonyango.
Ngokumalunga nokususwa kwe-phosphorus, ukusebenza kwe-polyaluminium chloride akukwazi ukuhoywa. Xa idityaniswe kumanzi amdaka ane-phosphorus, iyakwazi ukwenza i-hydrolyze ukuze ivelise ii-ion zetsimbi ze-aluminiyam ezintathu. Le ion ibophelela kwiiphosphates ezinyibilikayo kumanzi amdaka, iguqula le yokugqibela ibe yi-insoluble phosphate precipitates. Le nkqubo yokuguqulwa isusa ngokufanelekileyo i-phosphate ion kumanzi amdaka kwaye inciphisa impembelelo engalunganga ye-phosphorus kwimizimba yamanzi.
Ukongeza kwi-reaction ngqo kunye ne-phosphate, i-coagulation effect ye-polyaluminium chloride nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokususwa kwe-phosphorus. Inokufikelela kwi-adsorption kunye nokudibanisa ngokucinezela umaleko wentlawulo kumphezulu we-phosphate ion. Le nkqubo ibangela ukuba i-phosphates kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisa i-organic kumanzi amdaka zidibanise ngokukhawuleza zibe yi-clumps, zenze iiflocs ekulula ukuzinza.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi, kwizinto eziqinileyo zegranular ezinqunyanyisiweyo eziveliswe emva kokongeza i-ejenti yokususa i-phosphorus, i-PAC isebenzisa indlela yayo eyodwa yokubamba umnatha kunye nesiphumo esinamandla sokunciphisa intlawulo ukukhuthaza ukukhula okuthe chu kunye nokutyeba kwezi ziqina zinqunyanyisiweyo, kwaye emva koko zijike, zidibanise, kwaye zidibanise amasuntswana amakhulu. La masuntswana ke ahlala kumaleko asezantsi, kwaye ngokuhlukana kolwelo oluqinileyo, ulwelo olunamandla kakhulu lunokukhutshwa, ngaloo ndlela lufezekiseke ngokufanelekileyo ukususwa kwephosphorus. Olu chungechunge lweenkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza kokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, ukubonelela ngesiqinisekiso esiqinileyo sokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kobutyebi bamanzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-10-2024