Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi kodaka yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka. Injongo yayo kukususa amanzi amdaka ngempumelelo, ukuze ubungakanani bodaka bube ncinci, kwaye iindleko zokulahla kunye nendawo yomhlaba zincitshiswe. Kule nkqubo, ukukhethwa kwamanziI-Flocculantsisitshixo, kunye nePolyDADMAC, njengesixhobo esisebenzayoI-flocculant yeCationic Polymer, idlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi.
Okokuqala, kufuneka siqonde ukwakheka kunye neempawu zedaka. Idaka ikakhulu yidaka eqinileyo eveliswa ngexesha lokucoca amdaka. Iqulethe izinto ezintsonkothileyo ezifana nenkunkuma yendalo, amaqela eentsholongwane, amasuntswana angaphiliyo kunye nee-colloids. Izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kwidaka zitshajwa kakubi kwaye ziyaxovulana, ngelixa amanzi ezalisa embindini wezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo, ngoko ke umxholo wokuqala wamanzi kwidaka unokufikelela kwi-95%. Ukuba olu daka alunyangwa ngexesha, luya kubangela ungcoliseko lwesibini kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ke ngoko, indlela yokwenza ngempumelelo ukukhupha amanzi kwidaka ibe yingxaki ebalulekileyo kwicandelo lokucoca amdaka.
Kwinkqubo yokukhupha amanzi odaka,Iiflocculants zokususa amanzi kwidakayinto ebalulekileyo enefuthe. I-flocculant idibanisa amasuntswana amancinci kwidaka ibe ngamasuntswana amakhulu ngokusebenzisa ukunganyamezeli kombane, ukudityaniswa kwe-adsorption, njl.njl., ikhawulezisa inkqubo yayo yokutsalwa kwenkunkuma kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. Njengemveliso yeekhemikhali esetyenziswa ngokukodwa kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, i-PolyDAMAC isebenza kakuhle kwi-sludge dehydration ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esahlukileyo se-molecular kunye noxinano lwe-charge.
Ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli yePolyDADMAC luyinika uxinano olukhulu lwetshaja kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zokufunxa. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphelelwa ngamanzi kodaka, iPolyDADMAC inokufunxa ngokukhawuleza phezu komphezulu weenxalenye zedaka, inciphise amandla arhabaxa phakathi kweenxalenye ngokusebenzisa umbane, kwaye ikhuthaze ukwakheka kwee-flocs ezinkulu phakathi kweenxalenye. Kwangaxeshanye, iitsheyini zeemolekyuli zePolyDADMAC nazo zinokwenza isakhiwo senethiwekhi esisebenzayo, zibambe iinxalenye zedaka ezininzi kunye, zicinezele amanzi phakathi kweenxalenye zedaka, kwaye zenze ii-clumps ezilula ukufunxa amanzi, ukuze umthamo wamanzi uncitshiswe uye kwi-60-80% okanye ungaphantsi, kwaye umthamo ungancitshiswa nge-75-87%.
Xa kuthelekiswa nee-flocculants zemveli ezingaphiliyo, iPolyDAMAC inobunzima obuphezulu beemolekyuli kunye noxinano lwetshaja, nto leyo eyinika amandla okuqubha aqinileyo. Ukongeza,I-PolyDADMACIsebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekunyibilikeni, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kwaye ayivelisi ungcoliseko lwesibini. I-PD ngokwayo ayivelisi ukubola kwenkunkuma njenge-alum, ngoko ke ubungakanani bodaka olongezelelweyo bungancitshiswa. Ezi nzuzo zenza ukuba i-PolyDADMAC ibe namathuba amaninzi okusetyenziswa kwicandelo lokukhuculwa kwamanzi kodaka.
Ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli yePolyDADMAC luyinika uxinano olukhulu lwetshaja kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zokufunxa. Amaqela amaninzi e-cationic kwi-chain yayo ye-molecular anokusabela kunye namaqela e-anionic kumphezulu wee-sludge particles ukuze enze ii-ionic bonds ezizinzileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukufunxa okunamandla. Olu nxube aluncedi nje kuphela ekunciphiseni ukugxobhoza phakathi kwee-particles, kodwa lukwanceda ekwenzeni ii-flocs ezinkulu.
Ukongeza kwisakhiwo semolekyuli kunye neempawu zetshaja zePolyDADMAC, uxinzelelo kunye nomthamo wayo nazo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela isiphumo sokuphelelwa ngamanzi kodaka. Ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile, njengoko uxinzelelo lwePolyDADMAC lusanda okanye umthamo unyuka, ukusebenza kokususwa kwamanzi kodaka kunokuphuculwa. Nangona kunjalo, uxinzelelo okanye umthamo ophezulu kakhulu unokukhokelela kwisiphumo esichaseneyo, okubangela ukukhuselwa kwe-colloid, nto leyo enciphisa umphumo wokuphelelwa ngamanzi. Ke ngoko, kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, uvavanyo kunye nokwenza ngcono kufuneka kwenziwe ngokwenkqubo ethile yonyango lwamanzi amdaka kunye neempawu zodaka ukuze kuchongwe uxinzelelo kunye nomthamo ofanelekileyo wePolyDADMAC.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-26-2024