Iikhemikhali zonyango lwelindle

Unyango lwamanzi amdaka yinkqubo enzima efuna ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo ukunceda ekucoceni amanzi. Ii-Flocculants zezinye zeekhemikhali ezibalulekileyo ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yonyango lwamanzi amdaka. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa ngokweenkcukacha umthamo weekhemikhali zonyango lwamanzi amdaka, amashishini okusetyenziswa kwee-flocculants kunyango lwamanzi amdaka, indima yeekhemikhali zamanzi amdaka, kunye namanyathelo okusebenzisa ii-flocculants.

Umlinganiselo weekhemikhali zonyango lwelindle uxhomekeke kumgangatho welindle, inkqubo yonyango kunye neemeko zokwenyani. Le ilandelayo yimizekelo yemilinganiselo yeekhemikhali zonyango lwelindle eziqhelekileyo:

I-Polyaluminum chloride (PAC):Isetyenziswa rhoqo njenge-flocculant, inokusabela kunye namaqhekeza e-colloidal atshajwe kakubi ukuvelisa i-hydroxide micelles ehlala phantsi ukususa izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kunye nee-ion zesinyithi esinzima. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, umthamo ngetoni nganye yamanzi aluhlaza ungangeegram ezilishumi, kodwa umthamo wokwenyani kufuneka ulungiswe ngokwemigangatho yamanzi aluhlaza kunye neemeko zenkqubo.

I-Polyacrylamide (i-PAM):isetyenziswa njenge-coagulant ukuphucula ukuqina kunye nokuzinza kwe-floc. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kunye ne-polyaluminium chloride, idosi ngetoni yamanzi aluhlaza imalunga neegram ezimbalwa, kodwa idosi yokwenyani kufuneka ilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngokweemeko zenkqubo kunye neentlobo zongcoliseko.

Ii-Flocculants zisetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwamanzi amdaka, kuquka ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

Unyango lwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso: Amanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso aqulathe inani elikhulu lezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo, ii-ion zesinyithi esinzima kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo eziphilayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-flocculants kunokususa ngempumelelo ezi zinto zingcolisayo kwaye kucoce amanzi amdaka.

Unyango lwelindle lasekhaya: Ilindle lasekhaya liqulathe inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-flocculants kunokususa ngempumelelo ezi zinto zingcolisayo kwaye kuphucule umgangatho wamanzi.

Unyango lwamanzi amdaka asefama: Amanzi amdaka asefama aqulethe isixa esikhulu sezinto eziphilayo, i-ammonia nitrogen kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-flocculants kunokususa ngempumelelo ezi zinto zingcolisayo kwaye kuphucule umgangatho wamanzi.

Amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso: Ukusetyenziswa kwe-flocculants kunokususa ngokufanelekileyo izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo, ii-ion zesinyithi esinzima kunye nongcoliseko lwezinto eziphilayo emanzini kwaye kuphucule umgangatho wamanzi.

Imisebenzi yeekhemikhali zokungcola kwamanzi amdaka ibandakanya ikakhulu ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

Ukususwa kwezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo: Ngokusebenza kwe-flocculants, izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo emanzini amdaka zihlanganiswa zibe ziingceba ukuze kube lula ukutyibilika nokuhluzwa.

Ukususwa kwee-ion zesinyithi esinzima: Ngokusebenza kwee-flocculants, ii-ion zesinyithi esinzima emanzini amdaka ziguqulwa zibe zii-hydroxide precipitates ukuze zisuswe lula.

Ukususwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo eziphilayo: Ngokusebenza kwee-flocculants, izinto ezingcolisayo eziphilayo emanzini amdaka ziguqulwa zibe zii-hydroxide precipitates okanye zifakwe i-oxidized zibe zezinye izinto ukuze zisuswe lula.

Ukulungiswa kwe-pH: Lungisa i-pH yamanzi amdaka ngokusebenzisa isenzo se-alkali okanye i-asidi ukuze kuhlanjululwe amanzi amdaka.

Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa usebenzisa ii-flocculants:

Khetha i-flocculant efanelekileyo: Ii-flocculant ezahlukeneyo zinemisebenzi kunye neziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Kubalulekile ukukhetha i-flocculant efanelekileyo ngokwemeko yokwenyani.

Lawula umthamo wamayeza: Umthamo ongonelanga uya kuchaphazela isiphumo, kwaye umthamo ogqithisileyo uya kubangela inkcitho kunye nelahleko kwezoqoqosho. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukulawula umthamo ofanelekileyo ngokwemeko yokwenyani.

Xuba kakuhle: Xuba i-flocculant uze uyinkcenkceshele kakuhle ukuze inyibilike ngokupheleleyo kwaye iphendule.

Nika ingqalelo kubushushu kunye nexabiso le-pH: Ubushushu kunye nexabiso le-pH zinefuthe kwisiphumo se-flocculant kwaye kufuneka zilawulwe ngononophelo.