Izikhombisi ezintathu kufuneka unake xa ukhetha i-pam

I-polyacybuslam. Izikhombisi zobugcisa zepam zibandakanya i-ionicy, isidanga se-hydrolysis, ubunzima bemoya, njl. Njl. Ukuqonda ezi zikhombisi kuya kukunceda ukhethe ngokukhawuleza iimveliso zePam ngenkcazo efanelekileyo.

Iqabane

Ukudibana kubhekisa ukuba i-PAM Molecular Chain ithwala iindleko ezintle okanye ezimbi. Inqanaba le-ionsus inefuthe elibonakalayo kwisiphumo sokuhlaselwa kwamanzi. Ngokubanzi, ukuphakama kwe-voisity, okungcono kwesiphumo sokuhlambela. Kungenxa yokuba ezona ntshukumo ze-pim ze-pic ze-pia ze-pia ze-pia ze-pic zithwele iindleko ezininzi kwaye zinokufumana ngcono amasuntswana, ebangela ukuba baqokelelene ukwenza iiflocs ezinkulu.

I-Polyacylamide ihlulekile yayiyi-ANAMIC (APEAM), iCCAM), i-CPAM yeCPAM), kunye ne-Ionic (NPAAM) ngokusekwe kwi-Ingocicity yabo. Ezi ntlobo zintathu zePAM zineziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, i-ionicy efanelekileyo kufuneka ikhethwe ngokusekwe kwizinto ezinje ngexabiso le-pH lamanzi athathiweyo, i-electronegativity, kunye nokugxininiswa kwamasuntswana amisiweyo. Umzekelo, kumanzi amdaka akwi-acidic, i-pam ene-cureicity ephezulu kufuneka ikhethwe; Amanzi amdaka a-alkaline, i-pam enamanzi aphezulu kufuneka ukhethwe. Ukongeza, ukufezekisa isiphumo esingcono sokubhalwa, inokufezekiswa ngokuxuba i-pam ngeedigri ezahlukeneyo.

Inqanaba le-hydrolysis (ye-Apam)

Inqanaba le-hydrolysis ye-pim ibhekisa kwinqanaba le-hydrolysis yamaqela ahlukeneyo kwi-molecular. Inqanaba le-hydrolysis linokuhlelwa ukuba ibe ngamazantsi, aphakathi, kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-hydrolysis. I-Pam enezinyuko ezahlukeneyo ze-hydrolysis ineempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa.

I-Pam enenqanaba eliphantsi le-hydrolysis isetyenziselwa ukuthambisa kunye nokuzinza. Iyonyusa i-viscosity yesisombululo, ivumela amasuntswana anqunyanyisiweyo ukusasaza ngcono. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekuqhweni ukuntywila, iingubo, kunye nomzi-mveliso wokutya.

I-Pam enenqanaba eliphakathi le-hydrolysis inesiphumo esihle kwaye ilungele unyango olwahlukeneyo olusemgangathweni. Ingathintela amasuntswana anqunyanyisiweyo ukwenza iiflocs ezinkulu nge-adsorvo kunye nethebhulo, ngaloo ndlela ukufezekisa indawo yokuhlala ngokukhawuleza. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwicandelo lonyango lwe-Urbage, unyango lwamanzi amdaka omzi-mveliso, kunye ne-sludge yokuphumelela.

I-Pam enenqanaba eliphezulu le-hydrolysis inezakhono ezomeleleyo kunye nezakhono ze-Decoloriar kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa ekuprintweni nasekuhlaleni amanzi amdaka kunye namanye amasimi. Inokuvuma ngempumelelo kwaye isuse izinto eziyingozi kumanzi amdaka, ezinje ngeedayi, izinyithi ezinzima, kunye nezityholo ze-orphocy kwikhonkco le-polymer.

Ubunzima bemolekyuli

Ubunzima bemolekyuli ye-PAM ibhekisa kubude be-molecular i-molecular. Ngokubanzi, ukuphakama kwesisindo semolekyuli, okungcono kwesiphumo se-pam. Kungenxa yokuba i-PAM ye-PAM yemolekyuli ephezulu inokubangela ukuba i-adsorb i-adsorb icinyiwe amasuntswana, ebangela ukuba baqokelelene ukwenza iiflocs ezinkulu. Kwangelo xesha, i-PAM ephezulu yemolekyuli inobuchule obungcono kunye nokudibanisa amandla, enokuphucula amandla kunye nokuzinza kwefloc.

Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ubunzima be-pile ye-pim esetyenziselwa unyango lwe-Urbage Debage kunye nonyango lwamanzi amdaka anemizi-mveliso ifuna iimfuno eziphezulu, zivela kwizigidi ezivela kwizigidi zaba lishumi zezigidi. Iimfuneko zemolekyuli ze-PAM ezisetyenziselwa ukuthotyelwa kwengqondo-ngceli ziphantsi, zivela kwizigidi ezivela kwizigidi zaba lishumi zezigidi.

Ukuqukumbela, izikhombisi ezinje nge-ionity, isidanga se-hydrolysis, kunye nobunzima bemoyari zizinto eziphambili ezichaphazela isiphumo se-PAM kunyango lwamanzi. Xa ukhetha iimveliso zePam, kuya kufuneka uqwalasele umgangatho wamanzi kwaye ukhethe ngokweziphumo ze-pia zobugcisa ukufumana isiphumo esihle kakhulu, uphucule ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nomgangatho wonyango lwamanzi.