Inqanaba eliphambili kwinkqubo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kukudityaniswa kunye nokuhlaliswa kwezinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo, inkqubo exhomekeke ikakhulu kwiikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba ziiflocculants. Kule, iipolymers zidlala indima ebalulekileyo, ngoko ke i-PAM, i-polyamines. Eli nqaku liza kuhlolisisa kunyeiiflocculants zepolymer, ukusetyenziswa kwee-polymers njenge-flocculants kunyango lwamanzi amdaka, kunye nemisebenzi emva kwabo.
Zeziphi iiflocculants zepolymer ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo?
Iipolymer flocculants ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka iipolymers ze-cationic, iipolymers ze-anionic kunye ne-nonionic polymers. Ezi polymers zinokufunyanwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenziwa kwaye zinezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo ze-cationic kunye ne-branched. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha ii-polymer flocculants ezifanelekileyo ngokwemiqathango ethile yamanzi amdaka ukuze ufumane eyona mpembelelo yonyango. I-PAM, i-polyDADMAC, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunyango lwamanzi amdaka amashishini. Polyacrylamide yeyona flocculant isetyenziswa kakhulu ehlabathini. Ezi polymers ezinyibilikayo zamanzi ziyi-synthetic kwaye zinokuthi zenziwe ngokwesiko kwizicelo ezithile ngobunzima obuhlukeneyo bemolekyuli, i-viscosities, iidigri ezahlukeneyo zentlawulo, iifom ezahlukeneyo ezifana namasuntswana, i-emulsions, njl. ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ishishini lamaphepha kunye noshicilelo kunye neshishini lokudaya.
Ukusetyenziswa kweeflocculants kunyango lwamanzi amdaka
Eyona njongo iphambili yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kukususa izinto ezingcolisayo ezifana neziqina ezimisiweyo, izinto eziphilayo ezinyibilikisiweyo kunye namasuntswana e-colloidal kumanzi ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi. Kule nkqubo, iiflocculants zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa iiflocculants, amasuntswana amancinci kunye ne-colloidal substances emanzini inokubangelwa ukuba i-agglomerate ibe yi-flocs emikhulu, enokususwa ngokulula ngokuchithwa okanye ukuhluzwa. Oku akunako nje ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi, kodwa kwakhona kuphucule unyango olusebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zonyango.
Kutheni iiPolymers zinokwenza iiflocculants?
Iipolymers zinokusetyenziswa njengeeflocculants ikakhulu ngenxa yobunzima bobunzima bemolekyuli kunye nesakhiwo esinamasebe amaninzi. Ezi zakhiwo zivumela i-polymer ukuba ibhengeze ngcono kwi-particulate matter, yenze iiflocs ezinkulu ezinokuzinza ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza, iipolymers zinokuphelisa ukurhoxa kwe-electrostatic phakathi kwamasuntswana ngokungathathi hlangothi kwentlawulo, ukuvumela amasuntswana ukuba asondele kwaye ahlangane kunye.
Indlela yokusebenza kweepolima kunyango lwamanzi amdaka
Indlela yokusebenza kweepholima njengeeflocculants zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamanyathelo amathathu: intlawulo yokungathathi hlangothi, ibridging flocculation kunye nokubanjwa komnatha. Okokuqala, i-polymer iyayiphelisa i-electrostatic repulsion phakathi kwamasuntswana ngokusebenzisa i-neutralization yentlawulo, ivumela amasuntswana ukuba asondele. Ipolymer ke idibanisa amasuntswana kunye ukwenza iiflocs ezinkulu ngokusebenzisa ibridging flocculation. Okokugqibela, ezi ntaka ziyadityaniswa ngakumbi kwaye zihlaliswe emanzini ngokutshayela iminatha.
Izinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kweePolymers ekuphatheni amanzi amdaka
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwepolymer yonyango lwamanzi amdaka, kubandakanywa uhlobo lwepolymer, idosi, ixabiso le-pH, ubushushu, isantya esishukumisayo, njl. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeepolymers zineepropati ezahlukeneyo zentlawulo kunye nokuhanjiswa kobunzima bemolekyuli, ngoko ke kuyafuneka ukuba ukhethe uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwepolymer kunye nedosi yamanzi amdaka ahlukeneyo ukufezekisa eyona mpembelelo yonyango. Ukongeza, izinto ezinje ngexabiso le-pH, ubushushu, kunye nesantya esishukumisayo nazo ziyakuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle konyango, kwaye iimeko ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zimiselwe ngovavanyo.
Iipolymers zidlala indima ebalulekileyo njengama-flocculants kunyango lwamanzi amdaka. Ukuqonda okunzulu kwendlela yokusebenza kunye neempembelelo zemiba yeepolymers kunokubonelela ngenkxaso yethiyori ebalulekileyo kunye nesikhokelo esisebenzayo sokuphucula iinkqubo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza konyango. Kwixesha elizayo, ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweemfuno zokusingqongileyo kunye nokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwesayensi kunye neteknoloji, kukholelwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweepolymers kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kuya kuba kuninzi kwaye kunzulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-26-2024