I-PolyDADMAC yoNyango lwamanzi amdaka lweWinery: Ukuphucula ukuqunjelwa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokususwa kodaka

Ngenxa yotshintsho lwemveliso yexesha lonyaka, ingakumbi ngexesha lokuvuna, iimpawu zamanzi amdaka evenkileni yewayini zinokuhluka kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukusebenza konyango oluzinzileyo kube nzima. Amasuntswana amancinci axhonyiweyo kunye nee-colloids eziphilayo zihlala kunzima ukuzisusa ngokuthuthwa kwenkunkuma kuphela, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokucaciswa kunye nolawulo lodaka.

Ukujiya kunye nokuqunjelwa ngamanyathelo abalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukwahlulwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo.I-PolyDADMAC(iPolydiallyldimethylammonium Chloride), ipolymer ye-cationic enobunzima obuphezulu, inceda ekunciphiseni iinxalenye ezitshajiweyo kakubi, iphucule ukwakheka kwe-floc, kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kokususa udaka.

Eli nqaku lichaza indlela iPolyDADMAC enokuphucula ngayo ukusebenza konyango lwamanzi amdaka kwivenkile yewayini kwaye ixhase ulawulo olusebenzayo lwe-flocculation kunye nodaka.

Umthwalo ophezulu we-Organic kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-COD

Enye yeengxaki eziphambili zokunyanga amanzi amdaka evenkileni yewayini kukuba aqulathe izinto eziphilayo ezininzi. Amanzi amdaka avela kwimisebenzi yokucubungula iidiliya kunye nokubilisa anokuba neeshukela, iintsalela zotywala, ii-asidi eziphilayo, kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezinyibilikayo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu e-COD kunye ne-BOD anyuke.

Umthwalo wendalo awuhlali uhleli unyaka wonke. Ngexesha lokuvunwa kweediliya kunye namaxesha okuvelisa iwayini, iimpawu zamanzi amdaka zinokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo edala iimfuneko eziphezulu kwiinkqubo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka. Iinkqubo zonyango kufuneka ziguquguquke ngokwaneleyo ukujongana nolu tshintsho ngelixa zigcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kokususa.

Izinto eziqinileyo eziXhotyisiweyo kunye neenxalenye zeColloidal

Amanzi amdaka evenkile yewayini adla ngokuba nezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo, kuquka amaxolo eediliya, iintsalela zepulp, iiseli zeyeast, kunye nee-organic colloids. Uninzi lwala maqhekeza lunobukhulu obuncinci bee-particle kunye nee-negative surface charges, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuzinza ngokwendalo.

Ngaphandle kokujiya okusebenzayo kunye nokuqunjelwa, la masuntswana mancinci anokuhlala exhonywe emanzini, onyusa ukudumba kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zonyango ezilandelayo.

Imingeni yoLawulo lodaka

Ukususwa kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kuvelisa udaka ngexesha lokucoca amanzi amdaka. Nangona kunjalo, i-sludge flocs ezingomelelanga kakuhle zinokuba nomthamo ophezulu wamanzi, amazinga okuhlala kancinci, kunye nokusebenza kakubi kokukhupha amanzi.

Ukwakheka kakuhle kwefloc kubalulekile kungekuphela nje ekuphuculeni ukucaca kwamanzi kodwa nasekunciphiseni ubunzima bokuphatha udaka kunye neendleko zokusebenza.

Kwimizi-mveliso yewayini, ukuphucula ukwahlulwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo ngokusebenzisa ukutyibilika okusebenzayo linyathelo eliphambili elikhokelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokucoca amanzi amdaka okuzinzileyo nokufanelekileyo.

Unyango Lomzimba

Unyango lomzimba ludla ngokuba linqanaba lokuqala lolawulo lwamanzi amdaka kwivenkile yewayini. Lugxila ekususeni amasuntswana amakhulu nokunciphisa inani lezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo ngaphambi kokuba kuphinde kulungiswe.

Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zomzimba ziquka:

• Uvavanyo:Isusa izinto ezinkulu ezifana nezikhumba zeediliya, iziqu, kunye nezinye iintsalela eziqinileyo.
• Ukutshatyalaliswa kwenkunkuma:Ivumela amasuntswana anzima axhonyiweyo ukuba ahlale ngokwendalo.
• Ukuhluza:Inceda ukususa amasuntswana amancinci axhonyiweyo ngaphambi kokuba unyango oluphambili luqhubeke.

Nangona iindlela ezibonakalayo zisebenza kakuhle ekususeni izinto ezinkulu eziqinileyo, zihlala zinganelanga ukususa amasuntswana amancinci e-colloidal kunye neekhompawundi ze-organic ezinyibilikisiweyo.

Unyango lwebhayoloji

Unyango lwebhayoloji lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekucoceni amanzi amdaka kwivenkile yewayini ngenxa yokubola okuphezulu kwezinto ezingcolisayo eziphilayo. Iintsholongwane ziguqula izinto eziphilayo zibe ziikhompawundi ezilula, zinceda ekunciphiseni amanqanaba e-COD kunye ne-BOD.

Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zebhayoloji ziquka:

• Iinkqubo zodaka ezisebenzayo
• Ukugaya ukutya okungeyo-aerobic
• Unyango lwebhayoloji lwe-aerobic
• Ii-bioreactors zeMembrane (MBR)

Iinkqubo zebhayoloji zinokufikelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokususa izinto eziphilayo, kodwa ukusebenza kwazo kunokuchaphazeleka lutshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela amanzi amdaka akhiwe ngayo, umthwalo ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo, okanye ubukho beekhompawundi ezithintelayo ezifana neepolyphenols.

Kwiindawo zokwenza iwayini ezineenguqu ezininzi kwixesha lonyaka, ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwezinto eziphilayo kunokuba nzima ngaphandle konyango olusebenzayo lwangaphambi kokuba kusetyenziswe.

Unyango Oluphambili kunye neeTekhnoloji zoKusebenzisa Amanzi kwakhona

Ngenxa yokugxila ngakumbi ekuzinzeni nasekugcinweni kwamanzi, iifektri zewayini zihlola ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bonyango ukuphucula ukubuyiswa kwamanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona.

Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo eziphambili ziquka:

• Ukuhluzwa kwe-membrane
• Iinkqubo ze-oxidation eziphambili (ii-AOP)
• Unyango lwekhabhoni esebenzayo
• Ubuchwepheshe bokususa izondlo

Ezi ndlela zinokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi acociweyo kwaye zixhase iinjongo zoqoqosho olujikelezayo. Nangona kunjalo, unyango olusebenzayo ludla ngokuba yimfuneko ukunciphisa izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kunye nokuthintela ukungcola, ingakumbi xa kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-membrane.

Indima Yokukhuhlana Kwezityalo Ezingcolileyo Kwindawo Yokucoca Amanzi Amdaka Yewayini

Nangona iteknoloji yonyango yebhayoloji kunye neyonyango oluphambili idlala indima ebalulekileyo, ukwahlulwahlulwa okusebenzayo kolwelo oluqinileyo kuseyinyathelo elibalulekileyo ekulawulweni kwamanzi amdaka kwivenkile yewayini. Ukususa izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kunye nee-colloids zendalo ngaphambi kokuba kulungiswe ngezantsi kunokuphucula uzinzo lwenkqubo kwaye kunciphise imingeni yokusebenza.

Ngokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-coagulation kunye ne-flocculation, i-PolyDADMAC inokuxhasa unyango lwamanzi amdaka olusebenzayo ngakumbi kwi-winery, iphucule iimpawu zokuhlalisa udaka, kwaye inegalelo ekulawulweni kwamanzi amdaka okuthembekileyo.

Ukunciphisa Umthwalo Wonyango Lwebhayoloji

Iinkqubo zonyango lwebhayoloji zisebenza kakuhle xa izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kakhulu kunye nezinto eziphilayo ze-colloidal zisuswa ngaphambi kokuba zisuswe. Ukuqunjelwa okusebenzayo kunciphisa ubungakanani bezinto eziphilayo ezingena kwi-reactors zebhayoloji, kunceda ukugcina umsebenzi ozinzileyo we-microbial kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle konyango, ngakumbi ngamaxesha okutshintsha komgangatho wamanzi amdaka.

Ukuphucula Ukuhlaliswa Kodaka kunye Nokususwa Kwamanzi

Umgangatho wee-flocs ezenziwe ngexesha lonyango uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ulawulo lwe-sludge. Ii-flocs ezomeleleyo nezincinci zihlala ngokukhawuleza kwaye zivelisa i-sludge elula ukuyisusa, zinciphisa umthamo we-sludge kwaye zinciphise iindleko zokuthutha kunye nokulahla. Iimpawu ze-sludge eziphuculweyo zikwanegalelo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kweetanki ze-sedimentation kunye nezixhobo zokususa amanzi.

Ukuxhasa ukuNyangwa kwamanzi okuPhambili kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona

Iivenkile ezininzi zewayini zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bonyango, obufana nokuhluzwa kwe-membrane, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemigangatho engqongqo yokukhupha okanye kuvumele ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi. Ukuhluzwa ngokufanelekileyo kususa inxalenye enkulu yezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo ngaphambi kwezi nkqubo, kunceda ekunciphiseni ukungcola kwe-membrane, ukuphucula ukusebenza kokucoca, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo.

Indima yePolyDADMAC kwi-Flocculation

Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-flocculation kuxhomekeke kakhulu ekukhetheni i-flocculant efanelekileyo. I-PolyDADMAC yi-polymer ye-cationic enobunzima obuphezulu ethintela ngokukhawuleza amasuntswana atshajiweyo kakubi kwaye ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-floc ezinkulu nezinamandla. Ngenxa yoko, iphucula ukucaca, ikhawulezisa ukwahlukana kolwelo oluqinileyo, kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokususwa kodaka, okwenza ukuba ibe sisisombululo esisebenzayo sonyango lwamanzi amdaka kwivenkile yewayini.

Indlela iPolyDADMAC esebenza ngayo kwiWinery Wastewater Treatment

I-PolyDADMAC (i-Polydiallyldimethylammonium Chloride) yi-polymer ye-cationic enobunzima obuphezulu esetyenziswa kakhulu njenge-coagulant ephambili okanye uncedo lwe-coagulant kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso. Kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kwi-winery, iphucula ukujiya kunye nokuqunjelwa ngokuphazamisa ukuzinza kwamasuntswana axhonyiweyo kunye nokukhuthaza ukwakheka kwama-flocs amakhulu, axineneyo. Oku kuphumela ekuhlukaniseni okuqinileyo nolwelo olusebenzayo ngakumbi, ukudumba okuncinci, kunye nokususwa kodaka okuphuculweyo.

Iingenelo zokusebenzisa iPolyDADMAC kwiNyango yamanzi amdaka eWinery

I-PolyDADMAC inika iingenelo ezininzi zokunyanga amanzi amdaka ewayini ngokuphucula ukujiya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-flocculation. Uxinano lwayo oluphezulu lwe-cationic charge luvumela ukungazinzi ngokukhawuleza kwamasuntswana axhonyiweyo kunye nee-organic colloids, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuhlukaniseni okusebenzayo ngakumbi kolwelo oluqinileyo. Nokuba isetyenziswa njenge-coagulant ephambili okanye njenge-coagulant aid kunye nee-inorganic coagulants, i-PolyDADMAC inokunceda ii-wineries ukuphucula ukusebenza konyango ngelixa inciphisa iindleko zokusebenza.

• Ulwahlulo oluphuculweyo lwe-Solid-Liquid:Enye yezona nzuzo ziphambili zePolyDADMAC kukukwazi kwayo ukuphucula ukususwa kwezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kunye nezinto eziphilayo ze-colloidal. Ngokususa amasuntswana atshajwe kakubi kunye nokukhuthaza ukwakheka kwee-flocs ezinkulu nezixineneyo, iPolyDADMAC ikhawulezisa ukutyibilika kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokucacisa. Ukwahlulwa okungcono kolwelo oluqinileyo kunciphisa ukungcoliswa kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo emanzini acociweyo, kudala iimeko ezilungileyo ngakumbi zonyango lwebhayoloji olusezantsi, i-dissolved air flotation (DAF), okanye i-membrane filtration.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle koNyango oluPhezulu ngokusebenzisa iikhemikhali ezisezantsi:Xa kuthelekiswa nokuthembela kuphela kwii-coagulants zemveli ezingaphiliyo, ukusetyenziswa kwePolyDADMAC kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-coagulation kwiidosi eziphantsi. Amandla ayo aqinileyo okunciphisa itshaja avumela iinkqubo zonyango ukuba zifezekise ukwakheka kwe-floc okusebenzayo ngelixa ziphucula ukusetyenziswa kwee-coagulants kunye nee-flocculants. Ukulungiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwedosi ngokuvavanya iibhotile kunokuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kweekhemikhali kwaye kunciphise iindleko zokusebenza zizonke.
• Ukuphucula Ukugcinwa Kodaka Nokucocwa Kwamanzi:Ulawulo olusebenzayo lodaka luyinto ebalulekileyo ekunyangweni kwamanzi amdaka kwivenkile yewayini. I-PolyDADMAC ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwee-flocs ezincinci nezihlala ngokukhawuleza ezivelisa udaka oluneempawu ezingcono zokukhupha amanzi. Umgangatho ophuculweyo wodaka unokunciphisa umthamo wodaka, unciphise ixesha lokukhupha amanzi, kwaye unciphise iindleko zokuthutha kunye nokulahla, nto leyo enegalelo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwezityalo.
• Ukusebenza Okuzinzileyo Phantsi Kweemeko Eziguqukayo Zamanzi Amdaka:Iimpawu zamanzi amdaka ewayini zinokutshintsha kakhulu unyaka wonke ngenxa yokuvunwa kweediliya ngexesha lonyaka, iishedyuli zemveliso, kunye nemisebenzi yokucoca. Olu tshintsho ludla ngokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle konyango. Ngenxa yoxinano lwayo oluphezulu lwe-cationic charge kunye nokusebenza ngokukhawuleza kokujiya, iPolyDADMAC inokunceda ukugcina ukutyibilika okuzinzileyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zamanzi amdaka, iphucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo yonyango ngexesha lokuveliswa kwexesha eliphezulu kunye nexesha elingekho kwixesha lonyaka.
• Ukuxhasa Unyango Oluphambili kunye Nokusetyenziswa Kwakhona Kwamanzi:Iinkampani ezininzi zokwenza iwayini zityala imali kwiindlela zobuchwepheshe zonyango eziphucukileyo ukuze zihlangabezane nemigaqo engqongqo yokukhupha amanzi kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi. Unyango olusebenzayo ngaphambi kokuba lusetyenziswe lubalulekile ukukhusela iinkqubo ezisezantsi kwizinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kunye nokungcoliswa kwendalo. Ngokuphucula ukucaca kunye nokunciphisa umthwalo weenxalenye ngaphambi kokuhluzwa kwe-membrane okanye ezinye iinkqubo eziphambili, i-PolyDADMAC inceda ekunciphiseni ukungcoliswa, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhluzwa, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo. Oku kuyenza ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezicwangciso zonyango lwamanzi amdaka ezizinzileyo ezijolise ekugcinweni kwamanzi kunye nokuthobela imiqathango yokusingqongileyo.

I-PolyDADMAC xa ithelekiswa neeCoagulants zeMveli zamanzi amdaka eWinery

Izinto ezibangela ukubola kwezinto ezingaphiliyo zemveli, ezifanaI-Aluminium Sulfate(i-alum), i-ferric chloride, kunye ne-polyaluminum chloride (PAC), zisetyenzisiwe ixesha elide kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kwivenkile yewayini ukususa izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba. Nangona ezi khemikhali zisebenza kakuhle kwiindawo ezininzi, ukusebenza kwazo kunokuchatshazelwa bubume bamanzi amdaka, i-pH, kunye nokuguquguquka kwexesha lonyaka.

I-PolyDADMAC inika indlela eyahlukileyo. Njenge-polymer ye-cationic enobunzima obuphezulu, ikhawuleza inciphise amasuntswana atshajwe kakubi kwaye ikhuthaze ukwakheka kwe-flocs eqinileyo, edibeneyo. Ingasetyenziswa njenge-coagulant ephambili okanye, ngokuqhelekileyo, njenge-coagulant encedisayo kunye ne-inorganic coagulants ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle konyango.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iPolyDADMAC ayisiyonto ithatha indawo yee-coagulants zemveli. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zonyango lwamanzi amdaka kwivenkile zewayini, iziphumo ezilungileyo zifumaneka ngokudibanisa iPolyDADMAC nee-coagulants ezingaphiliyo ezifana nePAC okanye i-aluminium sulfate. I-coagulant engaphiliyo iyaziphazamisa ngokukhawuleza iinxalenye ezixhonyiweyo, ngelixa iPolyDADMAC iphucula ukukhula kwe-floc kwaye yomeleza ulwakhiwo lwe-floc, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuzinzeni ngokukhawuleza nasekuhlukaniseni okuqinileyo nolwelo olusebenzayo.

Inkqubo yonyango efanelekileyo ixhomekeke kwiimpawu zamanzi amdaka evenkile yewayini, kuquka i-COD, izinto eziqinileyo ezixotyulweyo, i-pH, kunye notshintsho lwexesha lonyaka. Kucetyiswa ukuqhuba uvavanyo lweebhotile zelebhu ukuze kuchongwe indibaniselwano yeekhemikhali efanelekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo wokufezekisa ukusebenza konyango olufunekayo.

Ngokuthelekisa iidosi ezahlukeneyo kunye neendibaniselwano zonyango, abaqhubi banokuchonga inkqubo yeekhemikhali engabizi kakhulu ngelixa bephepha ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweekhemikhali.

Khetha iBanga lePolyDADMAC elifanelekileyo

Iimveliso zePolyDADMAC ziyafumaneka ngobunzima obahlukeneyo beemolekyuli, ubuninzi beetshaja, kunye nobukhulu. Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo kubalulekile kuba iimpawu zamanzi amdaka zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwe-flocculation. Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ziquka:

• Ubuninzi betshaja:Ubuninzi betshaja bumisela amandla ePolyDADMAC okunciphisa amasuntswana atshaja kakubi. Amanzi amdaka ewayini aqulethe amanqanaba aphezulu eeseli zemvubelo, ii-organic colloids, kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ezixotyulweyo zinokufuna i-polymer enetshaja eyaneleyo ye-cationic ukuze kufezekiswe ukungazinzi okusebenzayo.
• Ubunzima beemolekyuli:Ubunzima bemolekyuli buchaphazela ukwakheka kwe-floc kunye nokusebenza kokudibanisa. Iipolymers ezinobunzima bemolekyuli eziphezulu zinokunceda ekudaleni ii-floc ezinkulu, ngelixa amanqanaba aphantsi obunzima bemolekyuli anokubonelela ngokukhawulezisa ukuthomalalisa itshaja. Ibhalansi efanelekileyo ixhomekeke kwiimpawu zesuntswana kunye noqwalaselo lwenkqubo yonyango.
• Iimfuneko zokugxila kunye nokuphatha:Uxinzelelo kunye nokuqina kwePolyDADMAC kuchaphazela ukugcinwa, ukuxutywa, kunye neemfuno zenkqubo yokulinganisa. Ukulungiswa okufanelekileyo kunye nokulawula idosi kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza konyango rhoqo.

Lungiselela iDosage kunye neMiqathango yokuxuba

Idosi yePolyDADMAC echanekileyo ibalulekile. Idosi engonelanga inokubangela ukungahlali kakuhle kwee-particle, ngelixa idosi egqithisileyo inokubangela ukutshintshwa kwetshaja kwaye inciphise ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-flocculation. Ngexesha lokufaka, abaqhubi kufuneka baphucule izinga ledosi yeekhemikhali, amandla okuxuba ngokukhawuleza, ixesha le-flocculation, kunye neemeko zokuzinza. Ukuxuba ngokufanelekileyo kuvumela iimolekyuli zePolyDADMAC ukuba ziqhagamshelane ngokufanelekileyo nee-particles ezixhonyiweyo ngelixa zithintela ukucheba okugqithisileyo okunokwaphula ii-flocs ezenziweyo.

Hlanganisa iPolyDADMAC kunye nezinye iikhemikhali zonyango xa kufuneka

Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zonyango lwamanzi amdaka kwiivenkile zewayini, iPolyDADMAC isetyenziswa kunye nezinye izinto ezibophayo okanye iiflocculants ukuze kufumaneke iziphumo ezingcono. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• I-PolyDADMAC + PAC (i-Polyaluminum Chloride):Iphucula ukujiya kwegazi kunye nokwakheka kwe-floc.
• I-PolyDADMAC + i-Aluminium Sulfate:Iphucula ukususwa kwamasuntswana kunye nokucaciswa kwawo.
• I-PolyDADMAC + i-PAM:Iphucula amandla e-floc kunye nokusebenza kokukhupha amanzi kwi-sludge.

Eyona ndibaniselwano ifanelekileyo ixhomekeke kumgangatho wamanzi amdaka, iinjongo zokucoca, kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo.

Jonga ukusebenza koNyango rhoqo

Ngenxa yokuba iimeko zamanzi amdaka evenkileni yewayini zinokutshintsha kulo lonke umjikelo wemveliso, ukujonga rhoqo kubalulekile ukugcina ukusebenza konyango oluzinzileyo. Iiparameter ezibalulekileyo ziquka ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, ukunciphisa i-COD, ukususwa kwezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo, izinga lokuhlalisa udaka, kunye nokusebenza kokukhupha amanzi odaka. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lunceda abaqhubi ukuba balungise umthamo we-PolyDADMAC kwaye bagcine unyango lwamanzi amdaka olusebenzayo phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezitshintshayo. Ngokukhetha umgangatho ofanelekileyo we-PolyDADMAC, ukwenza ngcono umthamo, kunye nokuyidibanisa kwinkqubo efanelekileyo yonyango, iivenkile zewayini zinokufezekisa ukucaciswa okuphuculweyo, ulawulo olungcono lodaka, kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo konyango lwamanzi amdaka.

Isiphelo: Ukuphucula unyango lwamanzi amdaka kwiWinery ngePolyDADMAC

Amanzi amdaka evenkile yewayini anemithwalo ephezulu yendalo, izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo, kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo eyenza unyango olusebenzayo lube nzima. Ukuqina okusebenzayo kunye nokuxinana kubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukwahlulwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo kunye nokugcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo konyango.

I-PolyDADMAC, i-polymer ye-cationic enobunzima obuphezulu, inceda ekunciphiseni iinxalenye ezitshajiswe kakubi, iphucule ukwakheka kwe-floc, kwaye iphucule ukuhlaliswa kodaka kunye nokukhuculwa kwamanzi. Xa ikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ilinganiswe, inokuxhasa unyango olusebenzayo lwamanzi amdaka kwivenkile yewayini kwaye inciphise imingeni yokusebenza. Ngokusebenzisa kakuhle, i-PolyDADMAC ibonelela ngesisombululo esithembekileyo sokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-flocculation, ukususwa kodaka, kunye nolawulo oluzinzileyo lwamanzi amdaka.